- Einrichtung
- Political and Social Sciences
- Institut/Seminar
- Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology
- Fachgruppe
- Law, Economics and Social Sciences
- Stand
- Laufend
- Kurzbeschreibung
- "This research project explores the livelihood strategies of women who work in coastal aquaculture in the Zanzibar archipelago, namely in seaweed farming on the shores of the island Unguja, 35km off the coast of Tanzania. After commercial seaweed farming was introduced to the island in 1989, seaweed became one of Zanzibar’s key exports in the early 1990s. The intertidal littoral zones of the island offered ideal conditions for the cultivation of Mwani (seaweed) which thrives best in bright light and shallow water. The local seaweed farms serve a growing global demand for agar and carrageenan, seaweed extracts that are used widely as thickening and stabilising agents in the cosmetic, food and medicine production. However, throughout the last decade, Zanzibar’s seaweed farmers have been facing several challenges: Climate change and global warming caused rising sea surface temperatures, which weakened the quality and growth of the seaweed and made it more susceptible for diseases. This lead to an overall sharp decrease of produce within the sector. With over 90 percent of the farmers being female, seaweed farming in Unguja is a women’s business. As an income generating activity it has massively impacted gender roles and perceptions within the predominantly Islamic communities: By taking up seaweed farming as a livelihood strategy, many women had managed to increase their standard of living by providing their families with an independent income through their entrepreneurial activities. When seaweed farming was at its height, the farmers started to form associations and cooperatives in each village, in order to protect their rights institutionally and secure their proceeds by sharing the profits. But as the global climate crisis escalates and environmental change factors remain unpredictable, women in Zanzibar’s seaweed industry continue to struggle over aggravated working conditions and instable revenues. This ethnographic research offers a critical narrative angle onto a topic that so far has mainly been examined from a science-oriented perspective: With an analytical framework that draws from feminist political ecology, it connects the accounts of the seaweed farmers’ every-day lives and aspirations with local discourses of environmental change and perceptions of justice and embeds them in the wider public discourse of the anthropocene and the underlying global asymmetric political and economic power relations of a heightening global climate crisis."
- lotte.knote@fu-berlin.de
- Homepage
- polsoz.fu-berlin.de
- Homepage 2
- zmo.de
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A Study of Male Muslim Modernity and Publicity through Later Nineteenth Century Urdu Writing arrow_forward
Post-Doc Project
- Institut/Seminar
- Berlin Graduate School Muslim Cultures and Socities
- Fachgruppe
- Humanities
- Fachliche Zuordnung
- Islamic Studies
- Fachliche Zuordnung 2
- Historical Pedagogy and Global Education
- Finanzierung
- Postdoctoral Fellow POINT
- Beginn
- 2016
- Ende
- 2017
- Stand
- Abgeschlossen
A Work of Great Charity: Ephemeral Lives in American Health Care arrow_forward
Dissertation
- Einrichtung
- John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies
- Fachgebiet/Arbeitsbereich
- Graduate School of North American Studies
- Fachgruppe
- Humanities
- Fachliche Zuordnung
- North American Studies
- Finanzierung
- Graduate School of North American Studies
- Beginn
- 2011
- Stand
- Abgeschlossen
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Upon reflecting on her life's work as a pioneer in the field of occupational medicine, Alice Hamilton lamented in her memoirs as to the comparative silence surrounding industrial health for American workers in respect to their European counterparts in the early part of the twentieth century. They appeared, she writes, only as bodies of interest when "tainted" by notions of "socialism and feminine sentimentality for the poor", rather than as subjects of scientific and medical discourse. Hamilton's observations serve as a starting point for my thesis, which centers on the body of the working woman in industrial settings during the Progressive Era. In it, I trace the appearance of the bodies of working women from the late nineteenth century until shortly after the Triangle Factory Fire of 1911. My research focuses in particular on the visual and visually descriptive modes by which working women's bodies were discussed and constituted across a wide range of sources, from popular fictional texts to slumming accounts, sociological reports and reformer's observations, newspapers and popular print and medical and industrial safety documents and films. With a particular emphasis on photography and illustration as Progressive Era methods of "knowing" the world, I argue that these images and visually descriptive texts were vital in the formation of affective publics. Affect theory as a burgeoning field has only been tenuously applied to historical texts, rooted until now firmly in literary theory. Nevertheless, the acknowledgement of affective publics in a particular historical moment allow us to better ascertain a more complex reading of the moment in question. By drawing particularly on Lauren Berlant's work on affective intimate publics of feminine sentimentality I propose a broader understanding of both fictional and scientific accounts of the working body as both constitutive and reflective of these sentimentalities. Within the field of worker protection particularly for women workers, affective, emotional ascriptions of character and appropriate (domestic) desire filter through popular fictional accounts and form an important factor in policy decisions. A broader application of affective readings of visual documents as vital for a more nuanced understanding of how Progressive Era notions of womanhood and femininity shaped the larger field of labor history and served as a hindrance in the formation of actual policy reform for working women. Far too often, women's roles as wives and mothers outside of the factory were privileged above their safety concerns within the industrial landscape. Yet women's bodies, visually depicted and explained, were central to a larger Progressive Era public notion of social order and reform. In looking toward the Triangle Factory Fire as a moment of significant representational crisis in the depiction of the working woman's body, I draw on these visual and visually descriptive sources to tease out a thicker description of the tensions exposed and written across the working woman's body between the interests of "socialism and feminine sentimentality" and how these directed attention away from concrete reform by clinging to particular representations of gendered behavior, attributes and responsibilities rather than the more pragmatic concerns of occupational health and safety.
Aesthetic Body Modifications and Femininity in a Global City: Cultures of Beauty in Istanbul arrow_forward
Research Project
- Einrichtung
- Political and Social Sciences
- Institut/Seminar
- Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology
- Fachgebiet/Arbeitsbereich
- Gender, Body, Sexuality
- Fachgruppe
- Humanities
- Fachliche Zuordnung
- Social and Cultural Anthropology
- Finanzierung
- DFG
- Beginn
- 2012
- Ende
- 2020
- Stand
- Abgeschlossen
- Einrichtung
- Political and Social Sciences
- Institut/Seminar
- Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology
- Fachgebiet/Arbeitsbereich
- Gender, Body, Sexuality
- Fachgruppe
- Law, Economics and Social Sciences
- Fachliche Zuordnung
- Ethnology
- Beginn
- 2021
- Ende
- 2024
- Stand
- Laufend
- Mitarbeiter*innen
- Anne Kukuczka
- Kurzbeschreibung
- This research project analyses the relationship between body aesthetics and citizenship as a formation of gendered selves in the Chinese Western regions. While fashion and beauty were considered frivolous, decadent and Western during the Maoist era, in recent years the People's Republic of China emerged as one of the largest markets of the global beauty and cosmetics sector, as well as for cosmetic surgery. Jie Yang (2011) describes the growing investments in body aesthetics in post-Maoist China as part of an increasingly commercialised consumption behaviour as well as a biopolitical strategy of state governance. Within the growing beauty economy, this form of governance functions as an aesthetic and affective pedagogy, which creates dominant beauty norms within a heterogenous population and offers the technologies to put these into effect. Against this background the project seeks to analyse the particular power constellations, practices, technologies and affective imaginations of feminine beauty in a so-called peripheral region of the Chinese West, preferably in Lhasa, capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region. From a Han-Chinese perspective, the Western periphery, populated by state-recognized ethnic minorities, is considered backward, traditional and far from urban modernity. The scholarly literature on this region is largely comprised of studies on cultural values and ritual practices on the one hand, and conflicts and resistance towards the assimilation attempts by the Chinese state on the other. In contrast, the project analyses the embodied aspects of Chinese power politics, namely the relationship between the consumption of beauty products and services and interrelated processes of gendered formations of the self. Drawing on anthropological research in urban beauty salons, fitness studios and clinics, it sheds light on the relationship between the current boom in aesthetic products and services, transnational imaginaries of beauty and modernity as well as processes of biopolitical discipline and control. The concept of 'aesthetic citizenship' ties the global increase in the beauty and cosmetics industry to the embodied and social aspects of processes of biopolitical subjectivation, surveillance and discipline. In doing so, it draws on concepts that conceptualize citizenship as a somatic materialization of subjectivity and an embodied act of negotiating belonging, rather than formal status. The aim of this project is to fill gaps in the scholarly literature and contribute to conceptual debates on transnational beautyscapes, contemporary body politics and citizenship.
- Homepage
- polsoz.fu-berlin.de
- Einrichtung
- John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies
- Fachgebiet/Arbeitsbereich
- Department of Culture
- Fachgruppe
- Humanities
- Fachliche Zuordnung
- North American Studies
- Finanzierung
- Stipendium der Graduate School of North American Studies
- Beginn
- 2014
- Stand
- Laufend
- Schlagworter
- aesthetics/politics, urban studies, queer theory, queer practice, networks, affect, (moving) images, the everyday
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Traversing disciplines like art history, cultural theory, and urban studies, my dissertation tracks the affective economies at the intersection of art, community activism, and urban planning. The projects I look at occupy multiple social and cultural environments, are to varying degrees situated within racialized zones of inhabitation, and formed by the ambition to turn a site of abandonment into a livable location. My dissertation probes the affectscapes created in these practices and the ways in which these affectscapes bear relations to broader moods generated within the ongoing (financial) crisis, in particular with respect to the issue of housing. Through this focus, I identify placemaking as an artistic genre and a mode of experience of everyday worldmaking: a network of fields and actors that is, I argue, based on particular transactions of feelings. What do these economies of affect tell us with regard to current experiences of shared space? How do artistic approaches to urban space rework notions of utopia, belonging, community, and commonality? And what are the shared gestures of practices that animate a relation between aesthetics, ethics, and real estate investment?
Afroamerikaner/innen in den Andenländern: Politik und Intersektionalität arrow_forward
Post-Doc Project
- Einrichtung
- Institute for Latin American Studies
- Fachgebiet/Arbeitsbereich
- Department of Sociology
- Fachgruppe
- Law, Economics and Social Sciences
- Beginn
- 2014
- Ende
- 2018
- Stand
- Abgeschlossen
Age discrimination in the labour market - socio-legal analysis arrow_forward
Dissertation
- Einrichtung
- Political and Social Sciences
- Institut/Seminar
- Institute for East European Studies
- Fachgebiet/Arbeitsbereich
- Sociology
- Fachgruppe
- Law, Economics and Social Sciences
- Stand
- Abgeschlossen
- Kurzbeschreibung
- "The age, next to gender, is one of the most significant social and individual characteristics of a person, and serves for a basic identity determinant in the contemporary world. Similarly to gender, the age can serve as ground for discrimination in fields such as employment, social services, education, training, access to social and cultural life. As far as sexism and racism have already for long time been socially disapproved and legally prohibited, ageism continues to go unacknowledged in contemporary societies. Researchers on ageism agree on the fact that ageist attitudes permeate modern western societies. Much research has been carried out to prove this in the US, Germany or UK. However, the problem of ageism is still of secondary importance in relatively young democracies, such as Poland, especially in the face of the still developing economy praising the novelty and youth as its primary resources. The year 2000 brought legal solution to the problem of age discrimination in the labor market with the European Commission Directive 2000/78/EC, which prohibits discrimination in the field of employment on basis, i.e. of age. This Directive came into force in Poland in 2004 with the accession to the EU and set up an entirely new scenario for the development of legal and social analysis of the problem of ageism and age discrimination. The major research focus in the dissertation is directed at the question of the scope of age discrimination experienced by older adults in the labour market in Poland, as well as to the problem of different types of age discrimination and ageism present in work milieus. The two concepts – age discrimination and ageism are not to be employed synonymously. Age discrimination is understood as any type of unjustified behavior that is of detrimental effect to the individual. Ageism, on the other hand, is understood more broadly, as an ideology (beliefs) that is based on negative stereotypes and prejudice (Mcmullin & Marshall, 2001). This distinction – between behavioral and attitudinal dimension of age discrimination and ageism, is also crucial from the legal perspective, where it is the discrimination on grounds of age that is prohibited, and not the ageist attitudes alone. Moreover, age discrimination can occur without prejudice, and prejudice can exist with no form of behavioral discrimination. The scope of the problem of age discrimination is of major importance to the research since there seems to be quite a divergence of opinions as to the actual size of the issue. Different statistical analysis, such as Eurobarometer of European Social Survey, present data where age discrimination reports vary from 6% (Eurobarometer, 2009) of the population to as much as 35 % (ESS data). Other data, on national level, suggest that age discrimination might be even more widespread. The methodological approach to measuring age discrimination is to be held responsible for the vast discrepancies, and therefore there is a need for development of a reliable and accurate tool to measure the extent of age discrimination in the labour market. The tool used in this research was based on the original instrument of Palmore Ageism Survey (Palmore, 2001), but was adapted to the needs and research aims of this study. Next to the abovementioned problem, it was essential to establish the factors, which determine the possibility of becoming a victim of age discrimination in employment. Two sets of factors were taken into consideration: the sociodemographic, such as age, gender, education level; and professional factors, among which are, i.e. the sector of employment, belonging to a certain professional group, size of the enterprise. The last analytical pillar of the research scheme was to determine the level of knowledge about the anti-discrimination law, as well as the influence of this law on the behaviours and professional decisions of the employers and employees. For, the efficiency of any legal provisions is highly reliant on the knowledge about the law, as well as opinions and attitudes towards it. Methodology The research project (financed by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education) used the triangulation approach, namely the triangulation of research methods, data sources and researchers. The study included qualitative method (indepth interviews with 30 employers and 6 experts), and was carried out in 2010 and 2011 by a team of 3 researchers. The data gathered was transcribed verbatim and analyzed in MAXQDA software program. The quantitative method used was the survey on sample of 1000 inhabitants of Małopolska (purposeful sampling) region in the age of 45-65 and economically active. It was carried out in the period of June – July 2010 by a specialized research agency. The data was analyzed with the use of SPSS software. Additionally, secondary data analysis was completed on the data from European Social Survey of 2008, the 4th Round of the survey, which included the supplementary set of 50 questions regarding aging of the population and ageism."
Akustische Störungen. Postkoloniale und queere Potentiale sonischer Interventionen arrow_forward
Cluster project of the Excellence Initiative
- Einrichtung
- Philosophy and Humanities
- Fachgebiet/Arbeitsbereich
- SFB 1512 "Intervening Arts"
- Fachgruppe
- Humanities
- Fachliche Zuordnung
- Theatre Studies
- Stand
- Laufend
- Mitarbeiter*innen
- Dr. Layla Zami (UP 2) , Emma Lo (UP 3)
- Homepage
- sfb-intervenierende-kuenste.de
- Homepage 2
- sfb-intervenierende-kuenste.de
Alter(n) und Geschlecht – kulturelle Konstruktion und journalistische Verhandlung arrow_forward
Dissertation
- Einrichtung
- Political and Social Sciences
- Institut/Seminar
- Institute for Media and Communication Studies
- Fachgebiet/Arbeitsbereich
- Journalism
- Fachgruppe
- Law, Economics and Social Sciences
- Stand
- Laufend
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Brigitte Macron erfährt mit der Präsidentschaft ihres Mannes Emanuel Marcron große mediale Aufmerksamkeit. Im Fokus der Berichte: ihr Alter. Ihre 64 Jahre sind zwar für das Amt einer Première Dame nicht ungewöhnlich, aber sie werden als ungewöhnlich, ja als „Provokation“, in Relation zu ihrem deutlich jüngeren Mann konstruiert. Ihr femininer Kleidungsstil kombiniert mit Falten im Gesicht ist für zahlreiche Zeitungen Anlass für eine gesonderte Berichterstattung. Der Fall lenkt das Interesse auf die geschlechtsspezifische Wirkung der selten behandelten Alterskategorie. Alter und Altern werden im zeitgenössischen medialen Diskurs keinesfalls allein bei Frauen problematisiert. Auch wenn Redewendungen wie „Frauen welken, Männer reifen“ eine männliche Alterslosigkeit suggerieren, lässt sich „diese Sicht des Alterungsprozesses“ heute „nicht mehr halten“, wie die Zeit schon 1996 herausstellt (Zeit 17.05.1996). Wie die Men’s Health (s.o.) thematisieren zahlreiche Männermagazine Alterungsprozesse und sprechen offen Probleme und Ängste an. Interessant ist, inwieweit Alter(n) dabei geschlechtsspezifisch hervorgebracht wird. Die intersektionale Schnittstelle der diskursiv verwobenen Kategorien erhält jedoch nur zögerlich wissenschaftliche Aufmerksamkeit. Dabei lassen sich interessante Veränderungen des kulturellen Altersbildes beobachten. Nicht nur der Fall Brigitte Macron bricht mit reaktionären Mustern, das Alter scheint sich insgesamt zu vervielfältigen. „So wird von den ‚jungen‘, ‚aktiven‘ und ‚produktiven‘ Alten gesprochen, den ‚Best Agers‘ oder ‚Golden Oldies‘, denen die Möglichkeit offen steht, erfolgreich und autonom das Leben im Alter zu gestalten“ (Pichler 2010, S. 415). Die Bewegung der kulturell geprägten Konstruktion und ihre mediale Aktualisierung bieten die Möglichkeit Konzepte männlichen und weiblichen Alter(n)s bzw. ihre mediale Verhandlung zu analysieren und Machtformationen sichtbar zu machen. Mit der Dissertation habe ich mir das Ziel gesetzt das intersektionale Verhältnis von Alter(n) und Geschlecht zu untersuchen. Im Zentrum steht die journalistische Konstituierung männlichen und weiblichen Alter(n)s: Wie wird Alter(n) geschlechtsspezifisch im journalistischen Diskurs hergestellt? Dabei geht es natürlich auch um die Möglichkeit journalistischer Deskonstruktion von Alter(n) und Geschlecht und die Sichtbarmachung vielfältiger Konzepte: Wo wird Alter(n) im aktuellen Diskurs irritiert, veruneindeutigt oder umgeschrieben?
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